The treatment of fluoride (F-) in alkaline wastewater is a big problem because fluoride is highly stable and not easy to react chemically. However, there are some methods that can be used to reduce the concentration of fluoride in wastewater to meet the discharge standards. The following are several commonly used methods for defluoridation of alkaline wastewater:
1. Chemical precipitation method:
By adding specific chemical agents, such as lime (Ca(OH)₂) as a precipitant, insoluble calcium fluoride (CaF₂) can be formed. This method is simple and easy to operate, but because fluoride has a weak binding force with calcium, a higher amount of lime may be required to effectively remove fluoride. Alternatively, magnesium salts (Mg²⁺) can be added to form a more insoluble MgF₂ precipitate with fluoride to remove fluoride. Aluminum salts (such as aluminum sulfate Al₂(SO₄)₃) or iron salts (such as ferrous sulfate FeSO₄) as precipitants can form more stable aluminum or iron fluoride complexes, thereby improving the removal rate of fluoride.
2. Adsorption method:
Specific adsorption materials, such as activated carbon, zeolite, bauxite, modified clay, rare earth, etc., are used to adsorb fluoride in wastewater. The advantage of this method is that it is easy to operate, but attention should be paid to the selection of adsorption materials and their regeneration.
3. Membrane separation technology:
Including reverse osmosis (RO), nanofiltration (NF) and other technologies, fluoride in wastewater can be removed by physical interception. This method is highly efficient, but the cost is relatively high, and the membrane is easily contaminated.
4. Electrocoagulation method:
Utilizing the principle of electrocoagulation, flocculation is produced by metal dissolution during electrolysis to remove fluoride. This method can treat multiple pollutants at the same time, but the equipment investment is large.
CleanMaster is a high molecular polymer that can adsorb and flocculate the fluoride ions in water, so that the fluoride in the water forms a stable complex and adsorbs and co-precipitates, with less sludge and strong flocculation effect; it can also remove COD, chromaticity, total phosphorus, SS, and heavy metals in the water. It is suitable for photovoltaic wastewater, fluorine chemical industry, glass processing, coal chemical industry, pesticide wastewater, metal smelting, mine water, etc.
Usage: dilute 10-20 times directly with a metering pump or directly add it to the wastewater, pneumatically stir for 15 minutes, then settle or float, add PAM flocculation, and you can get a clear liquid after defluorination, which can generally reduce the fluoride to below 0.1mg/L.
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